Centrifugal pumps are widely used in industrial and civilian applications for fluid transport. Their efficient operation is closely linked to proper use. Mastering the following usage tips can extend equipment life and ensure safe operation.
Pre-startup inspection is a critical step. Ensure that there is no trapped air in the pump body and piping to prevent dry running and impeller damage. Check the lubricating oil level (mechanical seal pumps require additional verification of the seal chamber pressure) and tighten all connecting bolts. During initial operation or after a long period of inactivity, it is recommended to manually crank the pump to ensure the rotor is free of binding.
Operational precautions include: Avoid prolonged operation below 50% of the rated flow rate, as this can easily cause cavitation or overheating. The fluid temperature must not exceed the allowable range of the pump body material (usually indicated on the nameplate). Preheat the pump before operating at high temperatures. Regularly monitor vibration and noise levels. Abnormal vibration may indicate impeller imbalance or bearing wear.
Maintenance directly impacts equipment reliability. Check the bearing lubrication condition every 500 hours of operation and relubricate or replace grease as appropriate. Mechanical seal leakage exceeding 5 drops/minute requires prompt repair. Before long-term outages, flush the pump chamber with clean water to prevent medium crystallization and corrosion of internal parts.
Safety operations are essential. Never start the pump with the outlet valve fully closed, as this will cause motor overload. When transporting flammable or explosive media, ensure that electrical equipment meets explosion-proof standards. In the event of a sudden power outage, immediately close the inlet valve and vent any residual pressure in the pump.
Adhering to these guidelines will not only improve the efficiency of the centrifugal pump but also significantly reduce the risk of failure. Users are advised to maintain complete operating records to provide data support for preventive maintenance.
